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| 1600 |
| | | A performance in the Oratory in Rome, with music by Emilio de' Cavalieri, is in effect the first oratorio | |
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| 1607 |
| | | Claudio Monteverdi presents Orfeo, the first opera to win a lasting place in the international repertory | |
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| 1637 |
| | | The first public opera house, the Teatro San Cassiano, opens in Venice | |
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| 1661 |
| | | Louis XIV establishes a royal dancing academy and soon follows it with a music academy | |
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| 1679 |
| | | 19-year-old Alessandro Scarlatti has a great success in Rome with Gli Equivoci nel Sembiante, the first of his 115 operas | |
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| 1689 |
| | | Young gentlewomen in Chelsea give the first performance of Purcell's Dido and Aeneas | |
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| c. 1695 |
| | | The first teacher of the virtuoso harpsichordist Domenico Scarlatti is his father, Alessandro | |
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| 1697 |
| | | In his opera La Caduta de' Decemviri, Alessandro Scarlatti introduces a new form of prelude, later known as the Italian overture, which is an important stage in the development of the symphony | |
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| 1698 |
| | | A maker of harpsichords in Florence, Bartolomeo Cristofori, develops the piano ('soft') and forte ('loud') feature which leads to the piano | |
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| 1709 |
| | | In a friendly keyboard contest in Rome between Handel and Domenico Scarlatti, the result is a draw – Handel being the winner on the organ and Scarlatti on the harpsichord | |
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